Spectral power ratio method and system for detecting drill bit failure and signaling surface operator
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United States of America Patent
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Jan 27, 2004
Grant Date -
Sep 12, 2002
app pub date -
Oct 26, 2001
filing date -
Nov 7, 2000
priority date (Note) -
In Force
status (Latency Note)
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Abstract
An apparatus and method for monitoring and reporting downhole bit failure. Sensors are located on a sub assembly (which is separate from the drill bit itself but located above it on the drill string). Data from the sensors (preferably accelerometers) are collected in blocks, then analyzed in the frequency domain. The frequency domain is divided into multiple bands, and the signal power in each band is compared to that of another band to produce a ratio of powers. When a bit is operating at normal condition, most of the spectral energy of the bit vibration is found in the lowest frequency band. As a bearing starts to fail, it produces a greater level of vibration in the higher frequency bands. This change in ratios is used to determine probable bit failure. Bit failure can be indicated by a given ratio surpassing a given threshold, or by monitoring the standard deviation of the frequency ratios. When the standard deviation exceeds a certain value, a failure is indicated.
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