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Abstract

An apparatus and method for event-based detection of arc faults in a circuit. At least one sensor is arranged to sense anomaly events in an electrical signal in the circuit. The anomaly events include distortions of the waveform of the electrical signal. A processor identifies the anomaly events, and generates an alarm signal when the anomaly events are indicative of an arc fault. The anomaly events may include current waveform distortions and/or voltage waveform distortions. Waveform distortions may be measured indirectly; an impedance may be placed in series with the circuit, so that distortions of the current produces distortions in the voltage drop across the impedance, in which case those voltage distortions may be anomaly events. Arc faults may be identified by examining intervals such as individual AC cycles for anomaly events, then determining whether at least n of a moving series of m intervals include at least p such anomaly events. An actuator may be used to oppose any arc faults that are detected, such as a circuit breaker to interrupt the circuit, so as to provide arc fault protection. Existing circuits may be retrofitted with the sensor and processor for arc fault detection, along with an actuator for arc fault protection.

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First Claim