Subterranean fluids having improved environmental characteristics and methods of using these fluids in subterranean formations
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United States of America Patent
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Jan 8, 2008
Grant Date -
Nov 30, 2006
app pub date -
Aug 7, 2006
filing date -
Sep 14, 2004
priority date (Note) -
Expired
status (Latency Note)
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Abstract
Subterranean fluids are provided that have improved environmental characteristics, and more particularly, subterranean fluids are provided that include a hydraulic cement in an invert emulsion. Methods of using such fluids in subterranean operations also are provided. An example of a method is a method of using a fluid in a subterranean formation. An example of a composition is a fluid comprising a hydraulic cement and an invert emulsion of an oleaginous fluid, a nonoleaginous fluid, and an emulsifying surfactant, wherein the emulsifying surfactant: has an LC.sub.50 or EC.sub.50 that is greater than about 10 milligrams/liter with respect to Skeletonema costatum, Acartia tonsa, Scopthalmus maximus (juvenile), or Corophium volutator; and demonstrates a biodegradability of: greater than about 70% biodegradation in 28 days when tested according to method OECD 301A or 301E; or greater than about 60% biodegradation in 28 days when tested according to method OECD 301B, 301C, 301F, or 306.
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Cited Art Landscape
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