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Abstract

Liquid crystal substrates have alignment layers with complementary anti-parallel alignment angles to diminish performance degradation from non-uniformity, and improve performance and simplify manufacturing methods. Methods of forming vertically-aligned nematic liquid-crystal display cells with complementary angled alignment layers are described. A first alignment layer defines first-substrate pre-tilt angles between first-substrate normal and molecules of the liquid-crystal fluid located adjacent to the interior surface of the first substrate, and a second alignment layer defines second-substrate pre-tilt angles between second-substrate normal and molecules of the liquid-crystal fluid located adjacent to the interior surface of the second substrate. Average values of the first-substrate and second-substrate pre-tilt angles located along common axes that extend normal to the first and second substrates are made substantially uniform by the complementary pre-tilt angles of the first and second substrates.

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First Claim