Importance

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Abstract

A linear exchange element with functionalized polymer on a core of rope, twine or yarn has well defined physical structure and may function as a spacer or be formed into free-standing exchange elements. A screen is fabricated from such strands or strips, with a pattern of mixed, sequential or other exchange types for enhanced operation in a capture device or in an electrodialysis device. Strands possess tensile strength, enabling deionization devices of new architecture, such as fiber-wound cartridges and other packing arrangements. Bodies made of the strands may operate as walls to perform the function of an exchange membrane or bed, or may operate as spacers positioned between membranes to enhance ion capture and transport, and their properties simplify handling and regeneration. Electroseparation devices advantageously employ the open spacers to better treat food, fermentation product or other streams where high conductivity, suspended solids and fouling would otherwise present problems. “Woven” mats may be arranged so that strands of one type in a first layer possess at least some points of contact with strands of opposite type in an adjacent layer, and different strand diameter and mesh pitch or dimension may be employed for treating fluids of different viscosity or concentration to optimize treatment throughput and removal rate, or to minimize fouling or flow obstruction and otherwise extend the range of treatment parameters.

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First Claim