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Abstract

A method for determining a concentration of at least one component of milk includes measuring impedance values between two electrodes associated with a cell containing a milk sample at each of at least three frequencies, and estimating a concentration of the at least one component from a polynomial expression in which the impedance values at the at least three frequencies are variables. A system for determining a concentration of at least one component of milk includes a sampling cell including a milk sample, electrodes operative to electrify the milk sample with excitation signals at a plurality of frequencies including at least three frequencies, a signal generator for generating the excitation signals, circuitry for determining a relationship between an amplitude and phase of reflected and incident signals obtained from the signal generator, and a processor that receives the relative amplitude and phase and estimates a concentration of at least one component of milk based on a polynomial expression relating measured impedance values at a plurality of frequencies to concentrations of at least one component of milk.

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