Importance

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Abstract

A method of welding with low shrinkage stress, including forming an excavation (42, 70) in a surface (24, 76) of a substrate (24, 76) with a shallow geometry (D, W, A) limited to surfaces oriented within 45 degrees of the surface. Molten weld metal (46, 80) in the excavation solidifies with largely unopposed shrinkage vectors directed toward the substrate within 45 degrees of normal to the surface. The molten metal may be warmed along the sides of the excavation (42A, 42B) so it solidifies upward (56) from the bottom, rather than from the sides inward. A metal insert (78, 84) may be fitted into the excavation and welded along the interface between them using a process that minimizes mechanical restraint on the weld by accommodating weld shrinkage.

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First Claim