Importance

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Abstract

A resistive heating element for use in or manufacturing of a component of an aircraft or spacecraft. The resistive heating element includes a sheet made from carbon nanotubes (CNTs) having a length of at least about 5 μιη, and formed as a nonwoven or composite polymer sheet, having good uniformity. The sheet is made with a basis weight between 1 and 50 grams per square meter (gsm), to provide a resistance value, inversely related to the basis weight, of at least about 0.01 ohms per square (Ω/□), and up to about 100 Ω/□. The CNTs can have an aspect ratio of at least about 1000:1, and at least about 10,000:1 or 100,000:1. The resistance value of the sheet can be controlled by the basis weight of CNTs, the diameter of the CNTs, and the length of CNTs, as well as chemical and mechanical treatments.

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First Claim