Importance

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Abstract

The claimed group of inventions relates to the field of organic chemistry and can be used for removing oils, including petroleum, fuel oil, fuels, hydrocarbons and liquid fuel, from soil; and can also be used for processing and gathering petroleum, oils, fuel oil, fuels, hydrocarbons and other petroleum products from hard surfaces, for example, from the inner surfaces of tanks for storing petroleum or petroleum products, of equipment used during the recovery, re-processing and transportation of petroleum, of equipment used for producing petroleum products, drilling sludge, gravel or sand in storage facilities, or from other hard surfaces. The substance for removing oils, including petroleum and petroleum products, from soil and hard surfaces is in the form of an aqueous solution of a natural polysaccharide and a surfactant. Unlike the prototype, microgels of polysaccharides having a molecular mass of 20 000 to 200 000 daltons and a particle size of 10 to 1000 nm are used as a natural polysaccharide; furthermore, the overall concentration of the microgels of the polysaccharides and the surfactant in the aqueous solution is at least 0.05 g/l, while the ratio of the microgels of the polysaccharides to the surfactant is in the range of 100:1 to 1:100. The claimed group of inventions makes it possible to achieve an increase in the effectiveness of the removal of oils, including petroleum and petroleum products, from hard surfaces or soil; a decrease in the specific consumption of the reagents while simultaneously increasing the environmental safety of the process of removing oils from hard surfaces or soil, and providing for the possibility of re-using the oils removed from the soil and the hard surfaces, and also the surfactants.

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First Claim