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Abstract

A one-step salt-assisted general synthetic methodology for the controlled phase transformation of various types of 2H-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (2H-TMDs), yielding large-scale metastable 1T′-phase transition metal dichalcogenides (1T′-TMDs), including WS₂, WSe₂, MoS₂, and MoSe₂ is described. By tuning the reaction conditions, alloyed 1T′-TMDs such as WS_2xSe_2(1−x) and MoS_2xSe_2(1−x) are also obtained. Commercially-available metal salts such as K₂C₂O₄·H₂O, Na₂C₂O₄, K₂CO₃, Na₂CO₃, Cs₂CO₃, Rb₂CO₃, KHCO₃, and NaHCO₃, are demonstrated to be effective for the controlled phase transformation at elevated temperatures in a reducing atmosphere. The technique may be extended to the phase engineering of other materials with various polymorphs.

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