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Abstract

An article for joule heating is described, including a three-dimensional substrate on and/or in which a pyrolyzate of a phenolic resin or polymer forms an electrically conductive carbon network. Such articles may be incorporated in structured materials applications, which may include support, sorbent, and or catalyst components. Also described are methods of fabricating such articles and structured materials, and apparatus comprising same, and methods of use of such articles and structured materials and apparatus for conducting material transformation processes requiring input of heat for their performance, such as CO₂ adsorption, methane pyrolysis for hydrogen and carbon production, hydrogen-assisted conversion of CO₂ to hydrocarbons, including catalytic conversion of CO₂ to olefins, catalytic conversion of CO₂ to propane (liquefied petroleum gas), and catalytic conversion of CO₂ to renewable natural gas, reverse water gas shift reaction, steam ethane cracking, propane cracking, steam methane reforming, and dry methane reforming.

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First Claim