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Abstract

In a method wherein sets of measured values of the intensity of electromagnetic radiation, which has been subject to optical interference, absorption or scatter by a sample, are correlated with different sets of known values derived from either a model of the optical properties of the sample, or from an analogue technique, correlation is by means of either a zero dependent correlation function, or a normalized residual function. Both functions are unaffected by gain factors, thereby avoiding any need to determine and to maintain absolute sensitivities of optical detectors; provide greater variation of correlation than with techniques employing a conventional correlation coefficient, thereby increasing the precision with which the optimum correlation can be determined, especially when either the measured value, or known values are subject to error; enable the method to be carried out with only two radiation components; and can enable a reduction in computing time.

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First Claim