Importance

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Abstract

A satellite communication system including one or more satellites in geosynchronous orbit and inclined at a predetermined angle greater than 0.degree. relative to earth, a preferred angle being about 28.5.degree. for full earth coverage, there is a constellation of satellites. Each satellite has a multi-element phased array antenna and transmit and receive circuits selectively connected to said multi-element phased array antenna for providing spatially discriminated spot radiation beams on the earth's surface, and a steerable spaced/ground antenna and transmitter-receiver circuitry connected thereto. At least one gateway ground terminal having means for performing all spacecraft command and control, including uplink phasing of said phased array antenna for directive satellite transmissions to desired user locations. Tracking the moving satellites via combination of range and doppler tracking, steering said space/ground antenna in accordance with satellite motion, performing all ground-beamforming associated with user inbound transmissions, performing all user signal modulation and demodulation, providing the necessary ground interfaces with the external cellular and terrestrial networks. A plurality of earth-based low power transceivers are provided for one and two-way communications via selected elements of said phased array antenna.

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First Claim