Additive color tristate light valve twisting ball display

Number of patents in Portfolio can not be more than 2000

United States of America Patent

PATENT NO 5737115
SERIAL NO

08573922

Stats

ATTORNEY / AGENT: (SPONSORED)

Importance

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Abstract

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A tristate light valve ball for an electrical twisting ball device composed of spheroidal balls rotatably disposed in an elastomer substrate. The ball is composed of segments arrayed substantially parallel to one another, each segment being adjacent to at least one other segment and to no more than two other segments. Adjacent segments are adjoined to one another at substantially planar interfaces. The segments include: a first, interior, nontransparent segment having a first optical modulation characteristic; a second exterior, transparent segment, adjacent to the first segment and having a second optical modulation characteristic; a third, interior, nontransparent segment having a third optical modulation characteristic; and a fourth, exterior, transparent segment adjacent to the third segment. For example, the ball can be made with a black first segment adjacent to a white third segment, surrounded on either side by clear second and fourth exterior segments. The ball has an anisotropy for providing an electrical dipole moment, the electrical dipole moment rendering the ball electrically responsive such that when the ball is rotatably disposed in a nonoscillating electric field while the electrical dipole moment of the ball is provided, the ball tends to rotate to an orientation in which the electrical dipole moment aligns with the field. Also disclosed are: a material made up of a substrate layer in which are disposed the aforementioned balls, with a colored backing joined to a rear surface of the layer; and a method for using a device incorporating the balls.

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First Claim

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Patent Owner(s)

Patent OwnerAddressTotal Patents
XEROX CORPORATIONSTAMFORD, CT13886

International Classification(s)

  • [Classification Symbol]
  • [Patents Count]

Inventor(s)

Inventor Name Address # of filed Patents Total Citations
Mackinlay, Jock D Palo Alto, CA 39 2854
Stone, Maureen C Los Altos, CA 16 1652

Cited Art Landscape

Patent Info (Count) # Cites Year
 
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SONY CORPORATION (1)
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XEROX CORPORATION (5)
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Kaiser Aerospace & Electronics Corporation (1)
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KENT STATE UNIVERSITY, A UNIVERSITY CHARTERED UNDER THE LAWS OF OH. (1)
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VICTOR COMPANY OF JAPAN, LTD. (1)
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RAYTHEON COMPANY (1)
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KENT STATE UNIVERSITY, KENT, OH., A UNIVERSITY OF OH. (1)
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SHARP KABUSHIKI KAISHA (1)
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KENT STATE UNIVERSITY (3)
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IDEMITSU KOSAN CO., LTD. (1)
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THOMSON LICENSING (1)
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GUARDIAN INDUSTRIES CORP. (1)
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RICOH COMPANY, LTD. (3)
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T.I.C.-Citizen Co., Ltd. (2)
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FUJI XEROX CO., LTD. (1)
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MITSUBISHI DENKI KABUSHIKI KAISHA (1)
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* Cited By Examiner

Patent Citation Ranking

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Patent Info (Count) # Cites Year
 
INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION (1)
6518948 Multichromal twisting ball displays 14 1998
 
Other [Check patent profile for assignment information] (2)
6326945 Magnetic writing board 7 1999
* 2005/0035,941 Retroreflective electrophoretic displaya and materials for making the same 12 2001
 
CABOT CORPORATION (1)
6822781 Gyricon displays containing modified particles 12 2000
 
3M INNOVATIVE PROPERTIES COMPANY (6)
7057599 Microstructures with assisting optical lenses 6 2001
6700695 Microstructured segmented electrode film for electronic displays 15 2001
6577432 Post and pocket microstructures containing moveable particles having optical effects 13 2001
6570700 Microstructures with assisting optical elements to enhance an optical effect 18 2001
6480322 Method of improving the respondability of moveable structures in a display 10 2001
* 2002/0130,831 Microstructures with assisting optical lenses 9 2001
 
SNAPTRACK, INC. (36)
7710632 Display device having an array of spatial light modulators with integrated color filters 37 2005
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8362987 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 1 2005
* 2006/0077,149 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 38 2005
8031133 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 14 2005
7525730 Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display 19 2005
* 2006/0077,125 Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display 45 2005
8102407 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 11 2005
7911428 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 26 2005
* 2006/0066,541 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 62 2005
* 2006/0066,641 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 84 2005
7483197 Photonic MEMS and structures 28 2006
7532377 Movable micro-electromechanical device 60 2006
* 2006/0268,388 Movable micro-electromechanical device 52 2006
8004743 Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display 2 2006
* 2007/0247,704 Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display 40 2006
7554711 MEMS devices with stiction bumps 68 2006
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* 2007/0139,758 Moveable micro-electromechanical device 9 2006
7872792 Method and device for modulating light with multiple electrodes 25 2007
7852545 Method and device for modulating light 30 2007
7808694 Method and device for modulating light 31 2007
* 2008/0106,782 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR A MEMS DEVICE 87 2007
8105496 Method of fabricating MEMS devices (such as IMod) comprising using a gas phase etchant to remove a layer 8 2008
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7791787 Moveable micro-electromechanical device 8 2009
* 2009/0135,463 MOVEABLE MICRO-ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE 2 2009
7830588 Method of making a light modulating display device and associated transistor circuitry and structures thereof 40 2009
8098431 Method and device for generating white in an interferometric modulator display 0 2009
* 2009/0296,191 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR GENERATING WHITE IN AN INTERFEROMETRIC MODULATOR DISPLAY 7 2009
8928967 Method and device for modulating light 4 2010
8848294 Method and structure capable of changing color saturation 0 2010
* 2011/0080,632 METHOD OF MAKING A LIGHT MODULATING DISPLAY DEVICE AND ASSOCIATED TRANSISTOR CIRCUITRY AND STRUCTURES THEREOF 43 2010
9110289 Device for modulating light with multiple electrodes 4 2011
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REVEO, INC. (1)
6665042 Electrically switchable polymer liquid crystal and polymer birefringent flake in fluid host systems and optical devices utilizing same 21 2000
 
QUALCOMM MEMS TECHNOLOGIES, INC. (3)
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7728800 Method and device for manipulating color in a display 0 2005
7773289 Method and apparatus for providing brightness control in an interferometric modulator (IMOD) display 0 2006
 
XEROX CORPORATION (21)
* 5892497 Additive color transmissive twisting ball display 42 1995
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* 6128124 Additive color electric paper without registration or alignment of individual elements 233 1998
* 6038059 Additive color electric paper without registration or alignment of individual elements 18 1998
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6262707 Gyricon displays utilizing magnetic addressing and latching mechanism 27 1998
6251329 Method of making a gyricon display using magnetic latching 10 1998
6211998 Magnetic unlatching and addressing of a gyricon display 53 1998
6197228 Method of making a gyricon display using magnetic latching 24 1998
6174153 Apparatus for making uniformly magnetized elements for a gyricon display 14 1998
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6440252 Method for rotatable element assembly 11 1999
6970154 Fringe-field filter for addressable displays 5 2001
6897848 Rotating element sheet material and stylus with gradient field addressing 20 2001
6690350 Rotating element sheet material with dual vector field addressing 6 2001
6846377 System and method for rotatable element assembly and laminate substrate assembly 9 2002
* 2002/0185,216 System and method for rotatable element assembly and laminate substrate assembly 3 2002
 
SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. (2)
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* 2009/0096,967 SYSTEM AND METHOD OF CONTROLLING SWITCHING DISPLAY WHICH EMBODIES TRANSMITTING/TRANSFLECTIVE/REFLECTIVE MODE 1 2008
 
E INK CORPORATION (121)
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7106296 Electronic book with multiple page displays 112 1996
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7167155 Color electrophoretic displays 131 1998
6727881 Encapsulated electrophoretic displays and methods and materials for making the same 222 1998
6515649 Suspended particle displays and materials for making the same 259 1998
6262706 Retroreflective electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 303 1998
6120839 Electro-osmotic displays and materials for making the same 398 1998
6067185 Process for creating an encapsulated electrophoretic display 404 1998
* 6017584 Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 486 1998
6680725 Methods of manufacturing electronically addressable displays 234 1998
6445489 Electrophoretic displays and systems for addressing such displays 279 1999
7075502 Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels 188 1999
6518949 Electronic displays using organic-based field effect transistors 234 1999
6473072 Microencapsulated electrophoretic electrostatically-addressed media for drawing device applications 456 1999
6839158 Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same 209 1999
6262833 Capsules for electrophoretic displays and methods for making the same 270 1999
6376828 Illumination system for nonemissive electronic displays 238 1999
6312304 Assembly of microencapsulated electronic displays 384 1999
6422687 Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof 281 1999
6392785 Non-spherical cavity electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 252 2000
6249271 Retroreflective electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 253 2000
6545671 Rotating element sheet material with reversible highlighting 14 2000
6504524 Addressing methods for displays having zero time-average field 285 2000
6377387 Methods for producing droplets for use in capsule-based electrophoretic displays 270 2000
6498674 Rotating element sheet material with generalized containment structure 24 2000
6531997 Methods for addressing electrophoretic displays 277 2000
6693620 Threshold addressing of electrophoretic displays 267 2000
* 6504525 Rotating element sheet material with microstructured substrate and method of use 12 2000
7030412 Minimally-patterned semiconductor devices for display applications 162 2000
6323989 Electrophoretic displays using nanoparticles 359 2000
6842657 Reactive formation of dielectric layers and protection of organic layers in organic semiconductor device fabrication 199 2000
6847347 Electromagnetophoretic display system and method 7 2000
6498114 Method for forming a patterned semiconductor film 272 2000
6825068 Process for fabricating thin film transistors 204 2001
6549327 Photochromic gyricon display 39 2001
7071913 Retroreflective electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 105 2001
6683333 Fabrication of electronic circuit elements using unpatterned semiconductor layers 259 2001
6967640 Microencapsulated electrophoretic display with integrated driver 186 2001
* 2003/0020,844 Microencapsulated electrophoretic display with integrated driver 11 2001
6816147 Bistable electro-optic display, and method for addressing same 184 2001
* 2002/0021,270 Bistable electro-optic desplay, and method for addressing same 2 2001
6538801 Electrophoretic displays using nanoparticles 319 2001
6900851 Electro-optic displays and optical systems for addressing such displays 147 2002
7256766 Electrophoretic display comprising optical biasing element 117 2002
* 2003/0011,560 Electrophoretic display comprising optical biasing element 18 2002
6864875 Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels 320 2002
6753999 Electrophoretic displays in portable devices and systems for addressing such displays 201 2002
* 2003/0011,868 Electrophoretic displays in portable devices and systems for addressing such displays 12 2002
D485294 Electrode structure for an electronic display 165 2002
6652075 Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof 257 2002
6704133 Electro-optic display overlays and systems for addressing such displays 235 2002
6738050 Microencapsulated electrophoretic electrostatically addressed media for drawing device applications 283 2002
7038655 Electrophoretic ink composed of particles with field dependent mobilities 185 2002
6865010 Electrophoretic electronic displays with low-index films 180 2002
* 2003/0214,697 Electrophoretic electronic displays with low-index films 15 2002
7109968 Non-spherical cavity electrophoretic displays and methods and materials for making the same 89 2002
7312916 Electrophoretic media containing specularly reflective particles 132 2003
7148128 Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof 136 2003
* 2004/0054,031 Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof 46 2003
7893435 Flexible electronic circuits and displays including a backplane comprising a patterned metal foil having a plurality of apertures extending therethrough 37 2003
7002728 Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof 147 2004
7110163 Electro-optic display and lamination adhesive for use therein 114 2004
* 2004/0252,360 ELECTRO-OPTIC DISPLAY AND LAMINATION ADHESIVE FOR USE THEREIN 15 2004
7667684 Methods for achieving improved color in microencapsulated electrophoretic devices 56 2004
* 2004/0190,114 Methods for achieving improved color in microencapsulated electrophoretic devices 103 2004
6894677 Electromagnetophoretic display system and method 7 2004
* 2004/0189,766 Electromagnetophoretic display system and method 0 2004
8466852 Full color reflective display with multichromatic sub-pixels 46 2004
7242513 Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same 81 2004
* 2004/0217,929 Encapsulated electrophoretic displays having a monolayer of capsules and materials and methods for making the same 0 2004
7176880 Use of a storage capacitor to enhance the performance of an active matrix driven electronic display 97 2004
7365394 Process for fabricating thin film transistors 87 2004
7280094 Bistable electro-optic display, and method for addressing same 122 2004
* 2005/0017,944 BISTABLE ELECTRO-OPTIC DISPLAY, AND METHOD FOR ADDRESSING SAME 10 2004
7230750 Electrophoretic media and processes for the production thereof 104 2004
8139050 Addressing schemes for electronic displays 30 2005
* 2006/0139,308 ADDRESSING SCHEMES FOR ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS 77 2005
7382363 Microencapsulated electrophoretic display with integrated driver 173 2005
* 2005/0134,554 MICROENCAPSULATED ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAY WITH INTEGRATED DRIVER 4 2005
7247379 Electrophoretic particles, and processes for the production thereof 112 2005
8115729 Electrophoretic display element with filler particles 57 2006
7391555 Non-spherical cavity electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 88 2006
* 2006/0245,038 NON-SPHERICAL CAVITY ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAYS AND MATERIALS FOR MAKING THE SAME 0 2006
7535624 Electro-optic display and materials for use therein 93 2006
* 2007/0035,808 ELECTRO-OPTIC DISPLAY AND MATERIALS FOR USE THEREIN 124 2006
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8035886 Electronically addressable microencapsulated ink and display thereof 14 2006
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7859637 Use of a storage capacitor to enhance the performance of an active matrix driven electronic display 28 2006
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7672040 Electro-optic displays, and materials for use therein 35 2007
* 2007/0247,697 ELECTRO-OPTIC DISPLAYS, AND MATERIALS FOR USE THEREIN 32 2007
7583251 Dielectrophoretic displays 48 2007
7532388 Electrophoretic media and processes for the production thereof 53 2007
7375875 Electrophoretic media and processes for the production thereof 71 2007
8089453 Stylus-based addressing structures for displays 14 2007
7956841 Stylus-based addressing structures for displays 30 2007
* 2008/0211,765 STYLUS-BASED ADDRESSING STRUCTURES FOR DISPLAYS 25 2007
8384658 Electrostatically addressable electrophoretic display 17 2008
* 2008/0150,888 ELECTROSTATICALLY ADDRESSABLE ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAY 37 2008
7746544 Electro-osmotic displays and materials for making the same 29 2008
* 2009/0027,762 ELECTRO-OSMOTIC DISPLAYS AND MATERIALS FOR MAKING THE SAME 7 2008
7791789 Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 34 2008
* 2009/0174,651 ADDRESSING SCHEMES FOR ELECTRONIC DISPLAYS 48 2009
7843626 Electro-optic display and materials for use therein 21 2009
9005494 Preparation of capsules 1 2009
8305341 Dielectrophoretic displays 18 2009
9293511 Methods for achieving improved color in microencapsulated electrophoretic devices 6 2009
* 2010/0148,385 ELECTROPHORETIC MEDIA AND PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF 22 2010
8040594 Multi-color electrophoretic displays 29 2010
8593718 Electro-osmotic displays and materials for making the same 5 2010
* 2010/0207,073 ELECTRO-OSMOTIC DISPLAYS AND MATERIALS FOR MAKING THE SAME 6 2010
8213076 Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 8 2010
* 2010/0283,806 MULTI-COLOR ELECTROPHORETIC DISPLAYS AND MATERIALS FOR MAKING THE SAME 2 2010
8441714 Multi-color electrophoretic displays 23 2011
8593721 Multi-color electrophoretic displays and materials for making the same 10 2012
9268191 Multi-color electrophoretic displays 2 2013
9664978 Electrophoretic displays 0 2015
9740076 Multi-color electrophoretic displays 0 2016
9829764 Multi-color electrophoretic displays 0 2017
 
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER (4)
7042617 Optical devices having flakes suspended in a host fluid to provide a flake/fluid system providing flakes with angularly dependent optical properties in response to an alternating current electric field due to the dielectric properties of the system 6 2003
* 2004/0196,226 Optical devices having flakes with angularly dependent optical properties in response to an alternating current electric field when the flakes are suspended in a host fluid to provide a flake/fluid system which is conductive 0 2003
6829075 Electrically addressable optical devices using a system of composite layered flakes suspended in a fluid host to obtain angularly dependent optical effects 11 2003
* 2004/0233,508 ELECTRICALLY ADDRESSABLE OPTICAL DEVICES USING A SYSTEM OF COMPOSITE LAYERED FLAKES SUSPENDED IN A FLUID HOST TO OBTAIN ANGULARLY DEPENDENT OPTICAL EFFECTS 4 2003
 
KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V. (1)
* 2006/0152,475 Electrophoretic display panel 3 2004
 
COSPHERIC LLC (7)
8501272 Hemispherical coating method for micro-elements 0 2007
8068271 Rotating element transmissive displays 3 2009
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* 2011/0157,683 ELECTRO-OPTIC DISPLAY 2 2011
 
CBRITE INC. (2)
7929198 Electro-optic display 3 2007
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* Cited By Examiner