Use of hydroxy carboxylic acids as ductilizers for electroplating nickel-tungsten alloys
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United States of America Patent
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Dec 29, 1998
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app pub date -
May 22, 1997
filing date -
Mar 14, 1996
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Abstract
A process for tungsten alloy plating wherein a tungsten replenisher concentrate of tungsten ions pre-complexed with a hydroxy carboxylic acid is used for maintenance additions to the bath. A preferred additive includes from about 100 to about 120 g/l of tungsten ions complexed with from about 120 to about 220 g/l of citric acid. The process provides consistent cathode efficiency and produces ductile deposits of tungsten alloy electroplate.
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