Importance

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Abstract

A cryptographic protocol establishes shared secrets such as encryption/decryption keys by exchanging public signals generated from transformations of private signals and one or more authentication factors including 'what you know,' 'what you have' and 'what you are' factors. A novel use of the authentication factors provides resistance against various types of cryptanalysis including dictionary attacks and man-in-the-middle attacks, allows detection of prior occurrences of unauthorized parties successfully masquerading as an authorized party, and provides enhanced security in cryptosystems that rely on 'what you know' authentication factors such as passwords which are often weak in a cryptographic sense.

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First Claim