Importance

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Abstract

An electronic communication in the presence of a trusted party enables an exchange of unpredictable values in which a second party receives a first value produced by a first party and unpredictable to the second party if and only if the first party receives a second value produced by the second party and unpredictable to the first party. The communication includes exchanging a first set of communications between the first and second parties without participation of the trusted party to attempt completion of the exchange of unpredictable values. If the exchange of unpredictable values is not completed using the first set of communications between the first and second parties, the trusted party takes action to complete the exchange. At least one party is authenticated to belong to a group of parties that exchanges unpredictable values. The group may be a group of subscribers. The at least one party may be authenticated by a digital signature. The digital signature may be produced by the trusted party. The digital signature may also authenticate a key of the at least one party.

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First Claim