US Patent No: 6,438,705
Number of patents in Portfolio can not be more than 2000
Method and apparatus for building and managing multi-clustered computer systems
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Aug 20, 2002
Issued date -
Jan 29, 1999
filing date -
09/240,494
serial no -
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Abstract
One application of clustered computer systems is to support failover of applications and shared resources. Another is to support scalable or fault-tolerant distributed applications. The present invention utilizes a higher-level clustering mechanism (a multi-cluster) overlayed on top of multiple underlying clusters (subclusters) to extend their capabilities. In the described embodiment, subclusters supporting application and shared resource failover across a smaller number of nodes is overlayed with a multi-cluster supporting a larger number of nodes. The multi-cluster manages cluster-level communication among nodes, and the subclusters directly manage only the shared device and application resources which they are permitted to control. It is possible to move resources between nodes which reside in different subclusters. The multi-cluster layer also externalizes interfaces similar to those of the subclusters, providing application compatibility.
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First Claim
Related Publications
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- 15 United States
- 10 France
- 8 Japan
- 7 China
- 5 Korea
- 2 Other
Patent Owner(s)
| Patent Owner | Address | Total Patents |
|---|---|---|
| INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS MACHINES CORPORATION | ARMONK, NY | 68180 |
International Classification(s)
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Inventor(s)
| Inventor Name | Address | # of filed Patents | Total Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chao, Ching-Yun | Austin, TX | 66 | 901 |
| Goal, Patrick M | Austin, TX | 5 | 289 |
| McCarty, Richard James | Austin, TX | 15 | 438 |
Cited Art
| Patent Info | (Count) | # Cites | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
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| 5,964,838 Method for sequential and consistent startup and/or reload of multiple processor nodes in a multiple node cluster | 31 | 1997 | |
| 6,249,879 Root filesystem failover in a single system image environment | 52 | 1998 | |
| 6,311,217 Method and apparatus for improved cluster administration | 17 | 1998 | |
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| 6,003,075 Enqueuing a configuration change in a network cluster and restore a prior configuration in a back up storage in reverse sequence ordered | 97 | 1997 | |
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| 6,154,765 Distributed digital rule processor for single system image on a clustered network and method | 47 | 1999 | |
Patent Citation Ranking
Forward Cites
| Patent Info | (Count) | # Cites | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
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| 7,076,783 Providing figure of merit vote from application executing on a partitioned cluster | 14 | 1999 | |
| 7,020,695 Using a cluster-wide shared repository to provide the latest consistent definition of the cluster (avoiding the partition-in time problem) | 8 | 1999 | |
| 6,871,222 Quorumless cluster using disk-based messaging | 6 | 1999 | |
| 7,792,977 Method for fencing shared resources from cluster nodes | 1 | 2001 | |
| 7,571,215 Data replication protocol | 2 | 2001 | |
| 7,702,791 Hardware load-balancing apparatus for session replication | 1 | 2001 | |
| 7,409,420 Method and apparatus for session replication and failover | 21 | 2001 | |
| 7,152,181 Method for highly available transaction recovery for transaction processing systems | 3 | 2003 | |
| 7,930,704 J2EE component extension architecture | 0 | 2003 | |
| 7,698,434 J2EE connector architecture | 2 | 2003 | |
| 7,403,996 Systems and methods for migratable services | 4 | 2003 | |
| 7,392,302 Systems and methods for automated service migration | 10 | 2003 | |
| 7,617,289 System and method for using a data replication service to manage a configuration repository | 20 | 2003 | |
| 7,506,342 System and method for implementing J2EE connector architecture | 10 | 2003 | |
| 7,373,357 Method and system for an operation capable of updating and inserting information in a database | 0 | 2004 | |
| 7,814,064 Dynamic distributed consensus algorithm | 0 | 2004 | |
| 7,293,073 Exactly once cache framework | 0 | 2004 | |
| 7,487,244 Exactly once data framework method | 0 | 2004 | |
| 7,383,317 Exactly once data framework system | 0 | 2004 | |
| 7,953,860 Fast reorganization of connections in response to an event in a clustered computing system | 1 | 2004 | |
| 7,747,717 Fast application notification in a clustered computing system | 1 | 2004 | |
| 7,664,847 Managing workload by service | 2 | 2004 | |
| 7,293,009 System and method for flushing bean cache | 4 | 2005 | |
| 7,937,493 Connection pool use of runtime load balancing service performance advisories | 2 | 2005 | |
| 7,406,618 Apparatus for highly available transaction recovery for transaction processing systems | 8 | 2006 | |
| 7,444,333 Cluster caching with concurrency checking | 0 | 2006 | |
| 7,895,600 Method of optimizing propagation of non-persistent messages from a source database management system to a destination database management system | 0 | 2006 | |
| 7,761,413 Method of ensuring availability of event notification registrations of a database management system | 1 | 2006 | |
| 7,620,842 Method for highly available transaction recovery for transaction processing systems | 2 | 2006 | |
| 7,392,317 Systems and methods for migratable services | 4 | 2007 | |
| 8,176,014 System and method for providing a cache that stores entity beans and employs data invalidation | 0 | 2007 | |
| 7,853,579 Methods, systems and software for identifying and managing database work | 0 | 2007 | |
| 7,921,169 System and method for exactly once message store communication | 0 | 2008 | |
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| 7,103,664 Method, system and program products for ordering lists of service addresses to provide load balancing of a clustered environment | 21 | 2000 | |
| 6,823,356 Method, system and program products for serializing replicated transactions of a distributed computing environment | 10 | 2000 | |
| 6,807,557 Method, system and program products for providing clusters of a computing environment | 8 | 2000 | |
| 6,952,766 Automated node restart in clustered computer system | 18 | 2001 | |
| 6,918,051 Node shutdown in clustered computer system | 13 | 2001 | |
| 6,708,175 Program support for disk fencing in a shared disk parallel file system across storage area network | 9 | 2001 | |
| 6,925,582 Forwarding of diagnostic messages in a group | 0 | 2001 | |
| 7,130,897 Dynamic cluster versioning for a group | 3 | 2001 | |
| 7,302,692 Locally providing globally consistent information to communications layers | 4 | 2002 | |
| 7,299,229 Grid quorum | 3 | 2003 | |
| 7,562,154 System and method for filtering stale messages resulting from membership changes in a distributed computing environment | 2 | 2003 | |
| 7,725,763 Functional continuity by replicating a software application in a multi-computer architecture | 1 | 2003 | |
| 7,302,607 Two node virtual shared disk cluster recovery | 2 | 2003 | |
| 7,689,685 Autonomic monitoring for web high availability | 1 | 2003 | |
| 7,533,173 Policy driven automation - specifying equivalent resources | 3 | 2003 | |
| 7,730,057 Computer data systems implemented using a virtual solution architecture | 3 | 2005 | |
| 7,533,295 Two node virtual shared disk cluster recovery | 1 | 2007 | |
| 8,091,092 Locally providing globally consistent information to communications layers | 0 | 2007 | |
| 7,680,994 Automatically managing the state of replicated data of a computing environment, and methods therefor | 0 | 2007 | |
| 7,725,579 Computer readable medium and system for remote activity monitoring | 2 | 2008 | |
| 8,055,933 Dynamic updating of failover policies for increased application availability | 0 | 2009 | |
| 7,996,529 System for autonomic monitoring for web high availability | 0 | 2010 | |
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| 6,662,219 System for determining at subgroup of nodes relative weight to represent cluster by obtaining exclusive possession of quorum resource | 58 | 1999 | |
| 6,754,661 Hierarchical storage systems for holding evidentiary objects and methods of creating and operating upon hierarchical storage systems | 49 | 2000 | |
| 6,675,217 Recovery of cluster consistency following failover | 16 | 2000 | |
| 7,657,450 Reliable, secure and scalable infrastructure for event registration and propagation in a distributed enterprise | 3 | 2000 | |
| 6,938,084 Method and system for consistent cluster operational data in a server cluster using a quorum of replicas | 29 | 2001 | |
| 7,277,952 Distributed system resource protection via arbitration and ownership | 12 | 2001 | |
| 7,310,802 Load balancing of chat servers based on gradients | 1 | 2004 | |
| 7,334,154 Efficient changing of replica sets in distributed fault-tolerant computing system | 9 | 2004 | |
| 7,451,347 Failover scopes for nodes of a computer cluster | 6 | 2004 | |
| 7,774,469 Consistent cluster operational data in a server cluster using a quorum of replicas | 9 | 2005 | |
| 7,870,248 Exploiting service heartbeats to monitor file share | 0 | 2006 | |
| 7,624,118 Data processing over very large databases | 2 | 2006 | |
| 8,307,085 Storing state of distributed architecture in external store | 0 | 2010 | |
| 7,984,155 Consistent cluster operational data in a server cluster using a quorum of replicas | 2 | 2010 | |
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| 6,862,613 Method and apparatus for managing operations of clustered computer systems | 53 | 2000 | |
| 6,789,213 Controlled take over of services by remaining nodes of clustered computing system | 14 | 2000 | |
| 6,769,008 Method and apparatus for dynamically altering configurations of clustered computer systems | 71 | 2000 | |
| 6,757,836 Method and apparatus for resolving partial connectivity in a clustered computing system | 27 | 2000 | |
| 6,748,429 Method to dynamically change cluster or distributed system configuration | 88 | 2000 | |
| 6,658,587 Emulation of persistent group reservations | 17 | 2000 | |
| 6,763,479 High availability networking with alternate pathing failover | 56 | 2000 | |
| 6,732,186 High availability networking with quad trunking failover | 19 | 2000 | |
| 6,728,780 High availability networking with warm standby interface failover | 46 | 2000 | |
| 6,718,383 High availability networking with virtual IP address failover | 63 | 2000 | |
| 7,016,946 Method and system for establishing a quorum for a geographically distributed cluster of computers | 21 | 2001 | |
| 7,158,926 Cluster availability model | 7 | 2002 | |
| 7,228,458 Storage device pre-qualification for clustered systems | 3 | 2003 | |
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| 7,275,100 Failure notification method and system using remote mirroring for clustering systems | 7 | 2001 | |
| 7,039,777 Method and apparatus for managing replication volumes | 5 | 2002 | |
| 7,383,313 Apparatus and method of heartbeat mechanism using remote mirroring link for multiple storage system | 1 | 2003 | |
| 7,032,128 Method for managing computer, apparatus for managing computer, and computer readable medium storing program for managing computer | 7 | 2003 | |
| 7,305,578 Failover method in a clustered computer system | 2 | 2004 | |
| 7,191,358 Method and apparatus for seamless management for disaster recovery | 8 | 2005 | |
| 7,290,167 Method and apparatus for seamless management for disaster recovery | 4 | 2006 | |
| 7,797,572 Computer system management method, management server, computer system, and program | 1 | 2007 | |
| 7,661,019 Method and apparatus for seamless management for disaster recovery | 1 | 2007 | |
| 7,865,768 Method and apparatus for seamless management for disaster recovery | 0 | 2010 | |
| 8,103,901 Method and apparatus for seamless management for disaster recovery | 0 | 2010 | |
| 8,412,977 Method and apparatus for seamless management for disaster recovery | 0 | 2012 | |
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| 7,392,421 Framework for managing clustering and replication | 33 | 2002 | |
| 7,631,066 System and method for preventing data corruption in computer system clusters | 37 | 2002 | |
| 7,900,206 Information technology process workflow for data centers | 3 | 2004 | |
| 7,721,152 Integration of cluster information with root cause analysis tool | 2 | 2004 | |
| 8,326,990 Automated optimal workload balancing during failover in share-nothing database systems | 1 | 2005 | |
| 7,937,617 Automatic clusterwide fail-back | 2 | 2005 | |
| 7,913,105 High availability cluster with notification of resource state changes | 0 | 2006 | |
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| 6,594,786 Fault tolerant high availability meter | 74 | 2000 | |
| 6,701,332 Cluster file system multi-volume root support | 12 | 2000 | |
| 6,782,416 Distributed and geographically dispersed quorum resource disks | 10 | 2001 | |
| 7,069,321 Mechanism for nested expansion of data collection from one computer to multiple computers | 7 | 2001 | |
| 7,047,299 Generic cluster aware lock broker with user defined locking modes | 16 | 2001 | |
| 7,984,150 Cell compatibilty in multiprocessor systems | 1 | 2007 | |
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| 7,325,046 Method, system and program products for managing processing groups of a distributed computing environment | 5 | 2000 | |
| 7,137,040 Scalable method of continuous monitoring the remotely accessible resources against the node failures for very large clusters | 10 | 2003 | |
| 7,296,191 Scalable method of continuous monitoring the remotely accessible resources against the node failures for very large clusters | 3 | 2006 | |
| 7,401,265 Scalable method of continuous monitoring the remotely accessible resources against the node failures for very large clusters | 2 | 2007 | |
| 7,814,373 Scalable method of continuous monitoring the remotely accessible resources against node failures for very large clusters | 1 | 2008 | |
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| 7,099,948 Virtual computing environment | 11 | 2001 | |
| 7,076,633 Hosting service providing platform system and method | 72 | 2001 | |
| 7,469,323 Hosting service platform system and method | 3 | 2006 | |
| 7,552,310 Virtualization and hosting service platform system and method | 0 | 2008 | |
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| 7,406,038 System and method for expansion of computer network switching system without disruption thereof | 33 | 2002 | |
| 7,379,970 Method and system for reduced distributed event handling in a network environment | 3 | 2002 | |
| 7,307,995 System and method for linking a plurality of network switches | 3 | 2002 | |
| 7,296,093 Network processor interface system | 2 | 2003 | |
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| 6,785,678 Method of improving the availability of a computer clustering system through the use of a network medium link state function | 35 | 2001 | |
| 7,383,430 System and method for validating resource groups | 0 | 2004 | |
| 7,409,395 Method of improving the availability of a computer clustering system through the use of a network medium link state function | 0 | 2004 | |
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| 8,060,775 Method and apparatus for providing dynamic multi-pathing (DMP) for an asymmetric logical unit access (ALUA) based storage system | 0 | 2007 | |
| 8,370,679 Method, apparatus and system for improving failover within a high availability disaster recovery environment | 0 | 2008 | |
| 8,060,773 Systems and methods for managing sub-clusters within a multi-cluster computing system subsequent to a network-partition event | 0 | 2009 | |
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| 6,804,712 Identifying link failures in a network | 30 | 2000 | |
| 6,931,441 Method and apparatus for managing a network using link state information | 5 | 2001 | |
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| 8,392,368 System and method for distributing and accessing files in a distributed storage system | 0 | 2010 | |
| 8,290,919 System and method for distributing and accessing files in a distributed storage system | 0 | 2010 | |
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| 7,822,841 Method and system for hosting multiple, customized computing clusters | 1 | 2007 | |
| 8,352,584 System for hosting customized computing clusters | 0 | 2010 | |
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| 8,239,395 Storage device presenting to hosts only files compatible with a defined host capability | 0 | 2008 | |
| 8,166,067 Method and apparatus for providing access to files based on user identity | 0 | 2008 | |
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| 8,190,780 Cluster architecture having a star topology with centralized services | 0 | 2003 | |
| 7,730,091 Systems, methods and computer products for database cluster modeling | 0 | 2007 | |
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| 7,552,135 SQL adapter business service | 2 | 2001 | |
| 8,117,184 SQL adapter business service | 0 | 2004 | |
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| 7,627,694 Maintaining process group membership for node clusters in high availability computing systems | 12 | 2001 | |
| 8,078,907 Failsoft system for multiple CPU system | 0 | 2006 | |
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| 6,857,082 Method for providing a transition from one server to another server clustered together | 14 | 2000 | |
| 7,624,405 Maintaining availability during change of resource dynamic link library in a clustered system | 0 | 2005 | |
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| 7,757,116 Method and system for coordinated multiple cluster failover | 1 | 2007 | |
| 8,429,450 Method and system for coordinated multiple cluster failover | 0 | 2010 | |
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| 8,019,732 Managing access of multiple executing programs to non-local block data storage | 2 | 2008 | |
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| 8,301,599 Cluster arrangement | 0 | 2005 | |
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| 7,412,479 Highly scalable and highly available cluster system management scheme | 4 | 2002 | |
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| 7,937,704 Distributed computer | 1 | 2003 | |
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| 6,766,482 Ethernet automatic protection switching | 71 | 2001 | |
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| 7,437,594 Server-side session management | 4 | 2000 | |
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| 7,228,453 Techniques for maintaining high availability of networked systems | 10 | 2001 | |
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| 6,618,817 System and method for providing a fault tolerant distributed computing framework | 14 | 1999 | |
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| 7,716,323 System and method for reliable peer communication in a clustered storage system | 0 | 2003 | |
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| 7,770,063 Simulation of failure recovery within clustered systems | 0 | 2006 | |
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| 7,735,085 System for application priority based on device operating mode | 1 | 2004 | |
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| 7,426,565 Virtual computing environment | 14 | 2006 | |
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| 6,745,240 Method and apparatus for configuring massively parallel systems | 8 | 1999 | |
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| 7,451,201 Policy driven autonomic computing-specifying relationships | 2 | 2003 | |
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| 8,443,232 Automatic clusterwide fail-back | 0 | 2011 | |
Maintenance Fees
| Fee | Large entity fee | small entity fee | micro entity fee | due date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 11.5 Year Payment | $7400.00 | $3700.00 | $1850.00 | Feb 20, 2014 |
| Fee | Large entity fee | small entity fee | micro entity fee |
|---|---|---|---|
| Surcharge - 11.5 year - Late payment within 6 months | $160.00 | $80.00 | $40.00 |
| Surcharge after expiration - Late payment is unavoidable | $700.00 | $350.00 | $175.00 |
| Surcharge after expiration - Late payment is unintentional | $1,640.00 | $820.00 | $410.00 |