Importance

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Abstract

A ground-penetrating radar system or other low-frequency radar system that operates at a wavelength that is comparable to or larger than the dimensions of the transmitting and receiving antennas. In one embodiment, a radar transmitter includes two drive coils, misaligned with respect to each other, that produce respective field patterns, each modulated with a respective modulation. A radar receiver includes a composite sense coil that senses the effect a target has on the fields, and generates a corresponding signal that carries the two modulations. From the proportion of the two modulations in the received signal, which depends on the extent to which the target is in each of the two field patterns, the receiver estimates the angle (e.g., the azimuth angle) to the target. An additional measurement of the angle may be made by comparing the phases of the carrier in the two received modulations. The composite sense coil may consist of two coils wired in series and configured to generate no output when the only field incident on the composite sense coil is that of the two drive coils, in the absence of a target.

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First Claim