Importance

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Abstract

Apparatus for imparting a spiral spin on a fluid in zone 2 surrounding a columnar substance in zone 1 which may be a metal electrode or a fluid, such as gas for welding. The spirally spinning fluid may be an inert gas for sheathing zone 1 down to the welding site on a workpiece. For a four-stroke-cycle internal combustion engine, exhaust gas return (EGR) in zone 1 is sheathed from a fuel-air mixture in zone 3 by the spirally spinning fluid (fresh air) in zone 2. In a two-stroke-cycle engine, the spirally spinning fluid in zone 2 may be injected gas while the EGR is injected in zone 1. Fresh air, precharged in the cylinder at the end of the power stroke, constitutes zone 3. In either the four-stroke or two-stroke-cycle case, the spirally spinning fluid in zone 2 and the columnar EGR are positioned on the axis of the cylinder, and the spirally spinning fluid provides a blended mixture of air and fuel for combustion with a cylindrical flame front that progresses rapidly down around the column of EGR to the piston and from there radially out to the cylinder wall as the piston moves down in the power stroke.

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First Claim